Crohn’s Colitis

Sixty percent of patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) have colonic involvement. Colonoscopy with terminal ileal intubation is the main diagnostic tool. CD is associated with several complications, including perforation, abscess, fistulae, strictures, obstruction, hemorrhage, cancer, and toxic colitis. Surgery is performed in cases of failure of medical therapy or disease complications. Segmental colectomy is the preferred treatment for segmental disease. Total colectomy is used for pancolitis with rectal sparing. Restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis may be very selectively used for treatment of a rare group of patients with pancolitis and small intestine and anal sparing. In the presence of anal disease, total proctocolectomy with end ileostomy is recommended.