NON-BLIND ADAPTIVE BEAM FORMING ALGORITHMS FOR SMART ANTENNAS

The number of mobile users are increasing tremendously all over the world .It is necessary to increase the channel bandwidth and capacity and at the same time minimize the channel interference .Smart antennas are considered as an effective counter measure to achieve these requirements because they offer wide bandwidth, less electromagnetic interference, flexibility, less weight, high speed, phase control independent of frequency and low propagation loss .Smart antennas combine the antenna array with signal processing to optimize automatically the beam pattern in response to the received signal. Beam forming can be used for either radio or sound waves; it has found numerous applications in radar, sonar, seismology, wireless communications, radio astronomy, speech and biomedicine.This paper discuss about two non-blind beam forming algorithms i.e Least Mean square(LMS) and Normalized Least Mean Square (NLMS) algorithms. The algorithms are compared using MATLAB.