Mid-range left ventricular ejection fraction: Clinical profile and cause of death in ambulatory patients with chronic heart failure

Abstract Background The intermediate group of patients with heart failure (HF) and mid-range left ventricular ejection fraction (HFmrEF) may constitute a specific phenotype, but a direct evidence is lacking. This study aimed to know whether this HF category is accompanied by a particular clinical phenotype and prognosis. Methods and results This study includes 3446 ambulatory patients with chronic HF from two national registries. According to EF at enrollment, patients were classified as reduced (HFrEF, Conclusions Patients in the intermediate category of HFmrEF conform a phenotype closer to the clinical profile of HFrEF, and associated to higher risk of sudden cardiac death and cardiovascular death than patients with HFpEF.