Polyoxometalates for the study of active sites in catalytic transformations of organic substances

The article reviews original studies of the catalytic properties of heteropoly compounds with various compositions and structures in the liquid-phase acidic, and oxidative reactions of organic substances. The methods for heteropoly compound synthesis using of electrodialysis, mechanochemistry, and reverse-osmotic membrane separation of ions are considered. New methods for the synthesis of soluble mono- and polynuclear complexes from transition metal ions (M) and PW 11 MO 39 n- -based heteropoly compounds, and the preparation of metal colloids stabilized by isopoly and heteropoly compounds are proposed. The activity in acidic reactions is determined by the Bronsted acidity along with the structure of the heteropoly compound anion. The interaction between M and a heteropoly compound and the type of an additional ligand in the coordination sphere of M play a critical role in hydrocarbon oxidation by oxygen donors (H 2 O 2 , t-BuOOH, and O 2 /H 2 mixtures).