Association between Use of Prophylactic Indomethacin and the Risk for Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Extremely Preterm Infants

Objective To assess the association between prophylactic indomethacin and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in a recent, large cohort of extremely preterm infants. Study design Retrospective cohort study using prospectively collected data for infants with gestational ages  Results Prophylactic indomethacin use varied by hospital. Treatment of a patent ductus arteriosus after the first day of life was less common among 2587 infants who received prophylactic indomethacin compared with 5244 who did not (21.0% vs 36.1%, P Conclusions Prophylactic indomethacin was not associated with either reduced or increased risk for BPD or death. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov : NCT00063063