Effects of Hydrothermally Synthesized BiFeO3 Additive on Electrical Properties of High-Power Piezoelectric Ceramic PMnS-PZN-PZT

Pb(Mn1/3Sb2/3)O3-Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3-Pb(Zr, Ti)O3+xwt%BiFeO3 piezoelectric ceramics were prepared by the solid action route with hydrothermally synthesized BiFeO3 additive to introduce Bi3+ and Fe3+ double doping. All ceramics are well sintered and have perovskite structure with coexisting rhombohedral and tetragonal phases. Fe3+ doping creates oxygen vacancies, reducing the dielectric loss. The octahedral tilting are restrained by Bi3+ doping, enhancing tetragonality. With the introduction of BiFeO3, all the properties improved initially, but then began to deteriorate when x > 0.4 because of spontaneous polarization decreasing caused by c-axis orientation reduction. High-power piezoelectric ceramics are obtained, with excellent properties of tanδ = 0.2%, kp = 0.60, d33 = 433 pC/N, and Qm = 745.