Modelling and analysis of a two-level incentive mechanism based peer-to-peer energy sharing community

Abstract Peer-to-peer trading mode is one of the most potential future energy trading scheme. However, there are some issues still waiting to be solved, e.g. privacy of energy data, asynchrony of households’ desire and incomplete understanding of its operation features, etc. These issues may hinder its further application and development. To address these requirements, a research to analyze the characteristics of a typical peer-to-peer energy sharing community model is carried out. The model is built on the basis of the proof of credit consensus in blockchain technology and Shapley value in game theory. A two-level hierarchical incentive mechanism is proposed to motivate participants to obey the energy smart contract and involve in electricity peak-shifting. A series of indexes are applied to evaluate the operation performance of the proposed model, from the aspects of the economy, technique, environment and market efficiency. The validity of the incentive mechanism and the proposed model are verified, and the impacts of important factors, i.e. community scale and prosumer ratio, on the proposed model are assessed. This work would provide reference to the constructors of future peer-to-peer energy market about arranging the optimal appliance scale and distributed energy resources ratio to make it become more friendly, efficient and economical.