An Improved LEACH Protocol Based on Nodes' Remaining Energy and Location

WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) consists of large hundreds and thousands of sensor nodes which have limited energy, and the energy cannot be added. Hence, how to design a property routing protocol to prolong the lifetime of the network needs to be addressed. This paper mainly studied the typical hierarchical routing protocol such as LEACH better in the saving energy cost. However the distribution of cluster heads in LEACH is uneven, LEACH-E-D protocol is proposed. In order to make the energy distribute more evenly among different nodes, we improve the tradition equation used for selecting cluster heads with considering the nodes’ Energy (E) and the average distance of the temporary cluster (D). Meanwhile, we propose to establish temporary cluster heads by E and final cluster heads by D, which aims to balance network load and prolong the lifetime. Simulations through OMNET++ 4.0 show that our improved protocol –LEACH-E-D performs better than the LEACH.