Developments in the Integration of Circuits into VLSI Systems

The evolution of VLSI has made electronics into a reliable system with extremely low weight and volume, low power dissipation and low costs coupled with an ability to design powerful and flexible systems. Generally the VLSI design is optimised over the availability of the technology, complexity management, efficiency in testing and the economics of the product. A broad overview of the trends in the development of VLSI design, scaling, device technology, fabrication technology, packaging and reliability of integrated circuits, and its future prospects are presented in this paper.