Design of a hemispherical antenna array receiver for medical applications

A hemispherical antenna array consisting of 42 elements was proposed and simulated. The array is capable of receiving signals at 500 kHz. The array elements are distributed on a hemisphere to be placed on a human's head. The function of the array is to receive brain waves or signals from embedded electronics in the brain. By considering the problem as a boundary valued problem with the source signal or field being in the brain, the induced current on the antenna elements can be determined using boundary conditions. A beamforming technique for reception was used that made use of the orthogonality property of the transverse electric fields to enable the array to receive from one or multiple points from within the brain.