Connective tissue dysplasia: a risk factor for osteopenia in children and adolescents

Introduction:  in addition  to genetic  predisposition,  a significant  exogenous  factor in the  formation  of Undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia (UDCTD) is the deficiency of osteotropic micronutrients such as vitamins (D, A, C, E, K); macroelements (calcium, phosphorus, magnesium), trace elements (copper, manganese, zinc, boron, selenium, silicon), so essential for the connective tissue matrix and, above all, for bone tissue. A small number of studies of osteotropic micronutrients and the state  of bone tissue in adolescents with UDCTD served as the basis for this comprehensive study. Materials: a randomized  study of 130 adolescents aged 10–16  years in the 1–2  health  groups. The first group (primary) was 90 subjects with detected UDCTD. The second group (comparative) was 40 people  with no signs of dysplasia. Methods: included the definition of: vitamin D – 25(ON)D: trace elements; calcium ductation: spinal column densitometry at L II –L IV level; physical development and psycho-emotional stress levels. Availability disorders of 25(OH)D, low calcium consumption, magnesium  deficiency, and shifts in micronutrient content  correlated with densitometric data showing a 75% decrease  BMD in Group 1 adolescents, while in Group 2 only 27.5%. The results  of a comprehensive study showed  that  osteotropic micronutrient deficiency is a serious  exogenous  trigger  for the development and progression  of UDCTD with osteopenia/osteoporosis formation. Osteopenia/osteoporosis, low physical development, disorders in the psycho-emotional sphere  indicate the seriousness of the prognosis of UDCTD in adolescents.