Evaluacion de indices de vegetacion para estimar nitrogeno foliar en el cultivo de triticali (x. Triticosecale wittmack) mediante teledeteccion

espanolEl objetivo del presente trabajo de investigacion fue evaluar 5 indices de vegetacion para estimar nitrogeno foliar en el cultivo de triticali. Los indices de vegetacion evaluados fueron: Indice de vegetacion de diferencia normalizada (NDVI), indice de vegetacion ajustado al suelo (SAVI), indice de clorofila verde (CLgreen), Indice de clorofila del borde rojo (CL red-edge), indice del borde rojo de diferencia normalizada (NDRE) y el indice de vegetacion triangular modificado(MTVI2). Los indices de vegetacion se obtuvieron de imagenes del satelite sentinel 2A y 2B. En forma simultanea se realizaron muestreos foliares, estos muestreos consistieron en cosechar el forraje (plantas completas) de una superficie de 0.25 m2 , a partir de las muestras foliares se determinaron las variables, altura de planta, materia seca a peso constante, concentracion de nitrogeno (%N) en base a la biomasa seca, nitrogeno extraido por el cultivo(NEC) en Kg ha-1 , el cual se obtuvo al multiplicar N% por la materia seca. No se encontro correlacion significativa al asociar los indices de vegetacion evaluados con el contenido de nitrogeno expresado en forma de concentracion(%N). Los indices de vegetacion de clorofila verde (Clgreen), el indice del borde rojo de diferencia normalizada (NDRE) y el indice de vegetacion ajustado al suelo (SAVI) fueron los indices que presentaron los coeficientes de correlacion mas altos (r2=0.80 para ambos) al ser asociados con el nitrogeno extraido por el cultivo (NEC). EnglishThe objective of this research work was to evaluate 5 vegetation indices to estimate foliar nitrogen in the culture of triticale. Vegetation indices evaluated were: Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), soiladjusted vegetation index (SAVI), green chlorophyll index (CLgreen), Red-edge chlorophyll index (CL rededge), index of red border of standardized difference (NDRE) and the modified triangular vegetation index (MTVI2). Vegetation indices were obtained from sentinel 2A and 2B satellite images. Simultaneously foliar sampling was performed, these sampling consisted of harvesting the forage (complete plants) of an area of 0.25 m2, from the foliar samples the variables were determined, plant height, dry matter at constant weight, nitrogen concentration (% N) based on dry biomass, nitrogen extracted by the crop (NEC) in Kg ha-1 which was obtained by multiplying N% by dry matter. No significant correlation was found when associating the vegetation indices evaluated with the nitrogen content expressed as a concentration (% N). Vegetation indices of green chlorophyll (Clgreen), the index of the red border of normalized difference (NDRE) and the index of vegetation adjusted to the soil (SAVI) were the indices that presented the highest correlation coefficients (r2 = 0.80 for both ) when associated with the nitrogen extracted by the crop (NEC).