HIV Encephalopathy - Now and Then

The introduction of HAART (highly active antiretroviral therapy) has led to a marked decrease in the incidence of HAND. But also the spectrum of HAND has changed in the HAART era; it seemed that minor cognitive impairment slightly increased. HAND consists of a triad of cognitive, behavioral and motor dysfunctions. With the exception of dementia, the symptoms are generally mild but can impact the quality of life and treatment adherence.