Исследование потокзависимой вазодилатации плечевой артерии и других маркеров функции эндотелия у детей с семейной гиперхолестеринемией

Objective. To study the state of endothelial function in children with familial hypercholesterolemia by evaluating the flow-dependent vasodilation of the brachial artery and serum nitric oxide and endothelin-1 levels. Children characteristics and research methods . The study included total 62 children: 30 children (mean age 10,3 years ± 2,8) with a heterozygous form of familial hypercholesterolemia, not taking lipid-lowering therapy (main group), and 32 healthy children (mean age 10,3 years ± 2,8) in the control group. The content of endothelin-1 and nitric oxide in blood serum were determined by enzyme immunoassay. Flow-dependent vasodilation of brachial artery was measured using Philips Affinity 70 (Release 3,0.3, Philips Healthcare, USA). Results. The analysis of endothelin-1 level did not reveal statistically significant differences between healthy children and patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (0,213 [0,012; 0,368] and 0,227 [0,15; 0,315] pmol/l accordingly; p=0,062). The level of nitrogen oxide in healthy children was 33,6 [20—51] pmol/l, while patients with familial hypercholesterolemia had statistically significantly higher level of nitrogen oxide — 103,7 [48—152] pmol/l, p=0,001). Flow-dependent brachial artery vasodilation in healthy children was 9,82 [7,8; 11,2]% and in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia this indicator was decreased — 9,46 [6,5; 10,8]% (p=0,742). Conclusion. A study of endothelial function in children with familial hypercholesterolemia aged 7—11 years revealed an increase in the concentration of nitrogen oxide relative to healthy patients, probably of a compensatory nature. The flow-dependent vasodilation of the brachial artery and the level of endothelin-1 did not significantly differ from the control group. Due to possible cumulative effect of low-density proteins, it is necessary to monitor endothelial function in children with familial hypercholesterolemia in dynamics.