Multiplicity in Long Noncoding RNA in Living Cells

This review article aims at demonstration of complexity or multiplicity of long noncoding RNA. The presentations of the meeting cover variety of biomedical sciences to indicate significance of long noncoding RNA in each field. The achievements of the meeting are to confirm a point of view of long noncoding RNAs in living cells. It should be in complexity. We will be able to analyze complicated phenomena of lncRNA biological actions and might have resolved the vailed rules in divergent biological programs. In the plant system, its long noncoding RNAs possesses unique property compared to mammalian systems, but tells us an unveiled fundamental principle behind all creatures in the globe. Then, experimental data from structural biology mainly by NMR analysis show that interaction of nucleic acids to RNA binding proteins focusing on TLS/FUS. Analyses of TLS are also performed by biochemistry and molecular biology to indicate precise figures of RNA binding specificity and also methylation effect on TLS. Biological meaning of the DNA local conformation like G-quadruplex is presented. XIST, one of the best known long noncoding RNA, related to X chromosome inactivation, has been linked to novel finding in epigenetic functional redundancy such as long noncoding RNA -chromatin associations. In the iPS cells, their long noncoding RNA s have been identified as a potential marker for chemical stress responses. Cellular differentiation is also regulated by specific long noncoding RNA. Computational analysis is another approach to make progress. Transcriptome mining indicates an association between aging and sets of long noncoding RNAs with previously unidentified function. Molecular dynamics simulation of RNA presents unprecedented pathway to future of the field. The data in the manuscript are based upon the 2nd Annual Meeting of the long noncoding RNA study group. On Thursday, May 24 in 2018, 2nd Annual Meeting of the long noncoding RNA study group was held at Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), the University of Tokyo, Tokyo in Japan. The purpose of the meeting is to present recent data and have discussion regarding long noncoding RNA and related topics. We had thirteen sessions and exciting and fruitful debates there. The meeting has been successfully prorogued. We utilize the data to boost the activity of the field of long noncoding RNA.