A prospective study of risk factors in Uygur and Han pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus

Objective:To evaluate the risk factors in Uygur and Han pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods:A prospective case-control study was performed in 593 pregnant women with abnormal glucose metabolism(OGTT+ group) and 1 425 cases as control recruited from Oct 2005 to Sept.2006.The risk factors for Uygur and Han pregnant women with GDM and GIGT were identify.Results:①The incidence of abnormal glucose challenge test,abnormal oral glucose tolerance test end GDM was significantly higher in Uygur pregnant women than in Han.②The incidence of the pregnant age ≥35 years or maternal weight gains during pregnancy 18 kg in Uygur,that of vulvovaginal candidiasis(VVC) and delivery or family history of diabetes in Han pregnant women were significantly higher in GDM group than in GIGT group.The incidence of body mass index(BMI)≥25,history of unhealthy pregnant in Uygur as well as Han pregnant women were significantly higher in GDM group than in GIGT group.In GDM group,the incidence of body mass index(BMI)≥25 and VVC in Uygur was significantly higher than in Han,the incidence of maternal weight gains during pregnancy18 kg in Han was significantly higher than in Uygur.In GIGT group,the incidence of VVC and delivery or family history of diabetes in Uygur was significantly higher than in Han,The incidence of pregnant age ≥35 years was significantly higher in Han than in Uygur.Conclusion:①The incidences of abnormal glucose challenge test,abnormal oral glucose tolerance test and GDM are significantly higher in Uygur pregnant women than in Han.②Uygur pregnant women with maternal age ≥35 years or maternal weight gains during pregnancy18 kg and Han pregnant women with VVC or delivery and family history of diabetes are likely to change into GDM from GIGT.Obesity before gestation,history of unhealthy pregnant are both risk factors for Uygur and Han pregnant women with GDM.Uygur pregnant women with obesity before gestation or VVC and Han pregnant women with rapid weight gains during pregnancy are likely to change into GDM from GIGT(VVC in Uygur especially),delivery and family history of diabetes for Uygur and maternal age 35 years in Han increase the incidence of GDM.