Extended TLM-2D numerical technique: An algorithm considering non-homogenous media and ionization

This paper presents an extended TLM-2D numerical technique. Extensions include simultaneous consideration of non-homogenous media and ionization phenomena representation. Performance evaluation and representation of impulsive grounding systems embedded in concrete are considered as a study case. Analysis based on the Alternative Transients Program (ATP) and field measurements with different grounding systems configurations are presented and discussed.