Modelling services to meet the palliative care needs of chronic heart failure patients and their families: current practice in the UK

Objective : To describe current provision of specialist palliative care for chronic heart failure (CHF) patients, and explore challenges, referral criteria and recommendations to inform service development. Method : Semi-structured qualitative telephone survey of key professionals involved in CHF palliative care in the UK. Results : Twenty telephone interviews were conducted with staff from 17 services comprising three main types: hospital-based (n = 7), community-based (n = 6) and hospice-based (n = 4). The main recommendations made were to establish mechanisms for joint working between palliative care and cardiology; to ensure that stakeholders are involved from the outset of service planning; and to involve community heart failure nurses in service provision. Referral guidelines were collected from four services, covering diagnostic, symptomatological, psychosocial and team-related criteria. Conclusions : Information regarding existing services' challenges, recommendations and referral systems is essen...