[Questions and aspects of radiotherapy of adult patients with localized supradiaphragmatic stage (CS I/II) Hodgkin's disease. 1. Questions and aspects on indications for primary and adjuvant radiotherapy].

: Important studies of the therapy in patients with early stages of Hodgkin's disease aim at reducing the long-term risks, yet maintaining the high cure rate. Several prospective studies and two large meta-analyses did not observe a significant difference of the ten- or 15-year survival rate after radiotherapy or combined radio- and chemotherapy in the total group of patients with CS I/II A Hodgkin's disease, not withstanding a significant reduction of the recurrence risk after combined therapy. There is some evidence but no proof, that certain subgroups of patients with early stage, have a higher survival after combined therapy compared to that after radiotherapy alone. Most studies of therapy in Hodgkin's disease have a statistical power much too low, in order to demonstrate significant differences of the survival rate in the order of 10 to 15%. Randomized studies of chemo- versus radiotherapy in patients with PS I/II A and some PS III A have shown conflicting results. Patients with supradiaphragmatic Hodgkin's disease and CS I/II can be subdivided according to the recurrence risk after primary radiotherapy in the following subgroups: 1. Patients with a very low or a low recurrence risk of approximately 10 to 20%: patients less than 40 years old and CS I/II A NS/LP with less than three involved regions and no bulky mediastinal mass and an ESR below 30 mm. If there is only unilateral suprahyoidal lymph node involvement, primary radiotherapy of the involved region or a mini-mantle or a mantle field is acceptable and achieves a recurrence free survival of 90% or higher. If there is only non bulky mediastinal involvement, mantle field radiotherapy is acceptable and achieves a recurrence-free survival of at least 90%. In the other patients, primary irradiation of an extended mantle field without a staging laparotomy is an acceptable primary treatment, achieving a recurrence-free survival rate of approximately 80%. Another option is a staging laparotomy with splenectomy and a mantle radiotherapy for PS I/II. Few groups prefer primary chemotherapy alone or some type of a reduced chemotherapy with lesser toxicity combined with localized radiotherapy and long-term observations of a larger group of patients after the last type of treatment have to confirm the excellent early results. 2. Patients with an intermediate recurrence risk of approximately 20 to 40%: patients, who do not belong to group one or group 3.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)