Effects of titanium nanotubes on the osseointegration, cell differentiation, mineralisation and antibacterial properties of orthopaedic implant surfaces
2018
The development and pre-clinical evaluation of
nano-texturised, biomimetic, surfaces of titanium (Ti) implants treated
with titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) nanotube arrays is reviewed. In
vitro and in vivo evaluations show that
TiO 2 nanotubes on Ti surfaces positively affect the osseointegration,
cell differentiation, mineralisation, and anti-microbial properties.
This surface treatment can be superimposed onto existing macro and
micro porous Ti implants creating a surface texture that also interacts
with cells at the nano level. Histology and mechanical pull-out testing
of specimens in rabbits indicate that TiO 2 nanotubes
improves bone bonding nine-fold (p = 0.008). The rate of mineralisation
associated with TiO 2 nanotube surfaces is about three
times that of non-treated Ti surfaces. In addition to improved osseointegration
properties, TiO 2 nanotubes reduce the initial adhesion
and colonisation of Staphylococcus epidermidis .
Collectively, the properties of Ti implant surfaces enhanced with
TiO 2 nanotubes show great promise. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B(1
Supple A):9–16.
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