Microstructures and energy-storage properties of (1 − x)(Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3–xBaTiO3 with BaO–B2O3–SiO2 additions

A series of (1 − x)(Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3–xBaTiO3 (abbreviated as NBT–xBT) (x = 0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15) ceramics with 3 mol% BaO–B2O3–SiO2 glass additives were prepared via the solid state reaction route. Effect of the BaTiO3 content on microstructures, phase evolution, dielectric, and ferroelectric and energy storage properties of NBT–xBT glass ceramics has been investigated. X-ray diffraction studies of NBT–xBT ceramics with glass of 3 mol% were a perovskite structure without the secondary phase. With increasing BaTiO3 additive in the ceramics, the dielectric constant and the dielectric breakdown strength exhibited a gradual increase firstly and then slightly decrease. The addition of 5 mol% BaTiO3 to the ceramics improved the dielectric constant and energy storage properties remarkably, and the maximum recoverable discharged energy density of 0.68 J/cm3 with an energy efficiency of 71 % was obtained by the sintering at 1035 °C.