Potentiation of cell invasion and matrix metalloproteinase production by α3β1 integrin-mediated adhesion of gastric carcinoma cells to laminin-5

We previously reported that the adhesion of gastric carcinoma cells to the peritoneum mediated by the α3β1 integrin-laminin interaction is a key step in the initial process of peritoneal metastatic dissemination. Carcinoma cells subsequently invade through the intercellular gaps of mesothelial linings. In this study, we examined the role of the interaction of carcinoma cells with laminin-5, which is a major component of submesothelial basement membranes and serves as a high-affinity ligand for α3β1 integrin, in carcinoma cell invasion. Human gastric carcinoma cell lines (MKN1, GT3TKB, and NUGC-4) adhered in an α3β1 integrin-dependent manner to the extracellular matrix deposited by peritoneal mesothelial cells. An in vitro invasion assay using the Boyden chamber system revealed that MKN1 cell migration through the membranes increased when the membranes were coated with matrices produced by mesothelial cells or with laminin-5-containing Matrigel as compared to Matrigel alone. The cell migration promoted by laminin-5-containing Matrigel was inhibited by the presence of anti-α3 integrin antibody. When MKN1 cells were cultured in a laminin-5-coated plate, these cells were promoted to produce matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, as assessed by gelatin zymography, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. These results suggest that the production of MMP-9 by MKN1 cells was potentiated by the α3β1 integrin-laminin-5 interaction, which facilitated their invasion via degradation of the matrix.