Identification of tuna protein-derived peptides as potent SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors via molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation.

The present study aimed to identify potential SARS-CoV-2 inhibitory peptides from tuna protein by virtual screening. The molecular docking was performed to elicit the interaction mechanism between targets (Mpro and ACE2) and peptides. As a result, a potential antiviral peptide EEAGGATAAQIEM (E-M) was identified. Molecular docking analysis revealed that E-M could interact with residues Thr190, Thr25, Thr26, Ala191, Leu50, Met165, Gln189, Glu166, His164, His41, Cys145, Gly143, and Asn119 of Mpro via 11 conventional hydrogen bonds, 9 carbon hydrogen bonds, and one alkyl interaction. The formation of hydrogen bonds between peptide E-M and the residues Gly143 and Gln189 of Mpro may play important roles in inhibiting the activity of Mpro. Besides, E-M could bind with the residues His34, Phe28, Thr27, Ala36, Asp355, Glu37, Gln24, Ser19, Tyr83, and Tyr41 of ACE2. Hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions may play vital roles in blocking the receptor ACE2 binding with SARS-CoV-2.