Dépistage et prise en charge de la toxoplasmose maternelle et congénitale a Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso

OBJECTIVES of this prospective study conducted from November 2011 to July 2013 in Bobo-Dioulasso were to evaluate seroprevalence of toxoplasma infection and to screen maternal and congenital toxoplasmosis during pergravidique monitoring. MATERIAL AND METHODS -Techniques of High Sensitivity Direct Agglutination (HSDA) and ELFA (enzyme linked fluorescent assay) respectively were used for the detection of IgG and IgM toxoplasma. The IgG avidity assay was used for the dating of seroconversion. Screening and monitoring for fetal lesions were echographic. In case of seroconversion, a prenatal treatment with pyrimethamine and sulfamide was introduced. Systematically and regularly immunoassay surveillance of newborn from cases of recent pergravidique toxoplasmosis was performed until complete and final negativity of serology. RESULTS- In total 301 pregnant were included. The overall seroprevalence was 31.9%. Three cases of seroconversion (0.9%) including two cases at the 22nd and one at the 41th week of amenorrhea were noted. Series of obstetrical echography have detected no case of fetal Toxoplasma gondii infection and no congenital toxoplasmosis was detected. CONCLUSION-This study underlines the importance of implementation of a legal disposition for screening and routine monitoring of toxoplasmosis during pregnancy. This is due to the low rate (31.9%) of toxoplasma immunity among gestante in Burkina Faso that may lead to pergravidique acute toxoplasmosis or congenital toxoplasmosis whose outcome is often fatal.