Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles with black rice ( Oryza sativa L.) extract endowing carboxymethyl chitosan modified cotton with high anti-microbial and durable properties

Deep exploitation and utilization of renewable industrial crops as the source of eco-friendly and cost-effective natural reductant has becoming an efficient approach to green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs). In this study, an eco-friendly approach for producing durable antibacterial textile based on in situ green synthesis and deposition of Ag NPs on carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCTS) modified cotton fabric was developed. During the operation, AgNO3 and black rice (Oryza sativa L.) extract of anthocyanins were employed as precursor solution and natural reductant, respectively. Finally, the Ag NPs were synthesized and linked to cotton fibers through coordination bonds with amine and hydroxyl groups in CMCTS. This novel method imparted cotton fabric with excellent antibacterial ability against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The effects of AgNO3 concentration in synthesis bath on the apparent colour, surface morphology, silver content, UV protection, laundering durability, and antibacterial activity were investigated. Results indicated that the synthesised Ag NPs were evenly deposited on cotton fibres with great washing resistance and robust hydrophobic properties. This study provides an innovative method towards the clean and scale-up preparation of Ag NPs using black rice extract as green reductant to endow cotton fabrics with durable antibacterial activity, UV protective, and hydrophobic performance, which was possessed of universal applicability for many kinds of industrial crops containing anthocyanins.