Hospitalization and outcomes of extremely preterm infants

Objective To investigate the hospitalization and outcomes of extremely preterm infant (EPI). Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 79 cases of EPI in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Maternal & Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from 1 January 2010 to 31 May 2015. Their medical records and follow-up data were reviewed to get details about the maternal condition, complications in neonatal period, also the outcomes and the follow-up condition after discharge from hospital. The respiratory therapy between the infants birth weight<1 000 g and ≥1 000-1250 g were statistically compared. Results ①The top three maternal diseases of the 79 EPIs were 38.0%(30/79) of premature rupture of membrane, 10.1%(8/79) of intrauterine infection and scarred uterus, respectively. ②The top five clinical manifestations in the neonatal period were 100.0%(79/79) of dyspnea, 84.8%(67/79) of poor response, 79.7%(63/79) of jaundice, 70.9%(56/79) of abdominal distention and 62.0%(49/79) of feeding intolerance, respectively. ③The top five complications in the neonatal period were 81.0%(64/79) of anemiaofprematurity, 77.2%(61/79) of hyperbilirubinemia, 62.0%(49/79) of feeding intolerance, 60.8 %(48/79) of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and 57.0%(45/79) of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), respectively. ④Among the 51 EPIs who were alive and discharge from hospital, the time of the respirator assisted ventilation of the infant birth weight 0.05). ⑤Among the 51 EPIs who were discharge from hospital, 34 cases (66.7%) had retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), 23 cases (45.1%) failed the auditory brainstem response test. Among the 46 cases who were followed up successfully, language development retardation was 10.9% (5/46), motor development retardation, behavior disorder and cerebral palsy was 4.3% (2/46), respectively. Conclusions Premature rupture of membranes is the common cause of the EPI, and there were many complications in their neonatal period. We should take close follow up after they discharge from hospital. Key words: Hospitalization; Outcome; Infant, premature