Operational and Experimental Tasks, Performance, and Voice in Space
2019
BACKGROUND: Voice analysis offers an unobtrusive approach for psychological monitoring. We demonstrate the relationship between
voice parameters and cognitive performance in: 1) a task with psychological test character, and 2) performance in an
operational, mission-relevant task. The central methodological aim was to verify the usefulness of voice commands and
counting in providing anchor values for the step-function model of voice pitch.
METHODS: During a 22-yr period, 42 cosmonauts participated in the Russian space experiment “ Pilot ” , which was a hand-controlled
docking maneuver. As reference the experiment included the cognitive task “ Manometer. ” This task was controlled
through voice commands. These voice commands were stored and are the basis for the present analysis.
RESULTS: Cosmonauts differed in their working style and respective performance during the Manometer task. Clustered groups
can be assumed to represent different effort. Importantly, these groups differed in the changes of voice pitch among
mission phases and among task repetitions. However, there were no differences between these motivation groups and
performance in the professional task.
DISCUSSION: The differing effort is the effect of different motivation of cosmonauts for experimental test tasks vs. mission-relevant
professional tasks. Latter ones provide a more reliable chance to assess the real actual state and skills of a cosmonaut.
Voice pitch measurement seems to be reliable and useful under space conditions for monitoring this volitional effort.
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