High-efficiency modal analysis and deformation prediction of rice transplanter based on effective independent method

Abstract The vibration problem associated with rice transplanters not only affects the quality and effect of the transplanting operation but also reduces the service life of the machine. With a focus on the vibration problem in the working process of a high-speed rice transplanter, a mechanical deformation prediction system based on the effective independence method for modal analysis was developed. This system simulates the vibration of the support arm of the transplanter during the working process of agricultural machinery. The deformation is predicted. With the use of the effective independence method, the measuring points that contribute the most to the target modal vector independence can be screened and retained as much as possible. In this way, there is greater assurance of more modal information being obtained under the limited sensor. Accuracy and mode requirements for experimental data were identified. In this paper, the experimental mode adopts the effective homology method to select the best measuring point and uses the pulse excitation method to collect data and analyze and calculate the DH5902 dynamic signal acquisition and analysis system to obtain the natural frequency and vibration mode of the support arm. Based on this, the SolidWorks software is used to model the key components of the transplanter power transmission system. The model is imported into ANSYS Workbench and combined with the Lanczos Method solution to solve the natural frequency and vibration mode. The accuracy of this modal test analysis method was verified. The results show that the first-order natural frequency of the transplanter is 102.68 Hz, which is within the excitation frequency range of the engine (86.67–120 Hz). Therefore, when the rice transplanter is working at high speed, the engine and the support arm will resonate, thus impacting the seedlings and machinery. The service life is also impacted. The research results provide a theoretical basis for the deformation prediction during the use of the support arm of the transplanter and provide a reference for the vibration-damping optimization design of the support arm structure and size of the subsequent transplanter.