Essais de la substitution partielle du maïs dans l’alimentation par la drêche artisanale séchée sur les performances zootechniques des poulets de chair

2020 
L’etude a ete menee dans le but d’evaluer les effets du taux d’incorporation de la dreche artisanale sechee sur les performances zootechniques des poulets de chair. A cet effet, 192 poussins de souche Cobb 500 non sexes ont ete repartis a partir de la phase de croissance en 4 lots en fonction du taux de substitution du mais par la dreche artisanale sechee (0%, 15%, 30% et 45%) pendant 42 jours. Un lot temoin (LT) nourris a base d’une ration contenant le mais comme principale source d’energie a ete comparee a trois lots experimentaux (LE) nourris aux rations LE 15, LE 30 et LE 45 dans lesquelles 15, 30 et 45% de mais ont remplaces par de la dreche artisanale sechee. Du point de vue ponderal, il n’y a pas eu de difference significative (p > 0,05) entre les quatre autres lots. A la 6eme semaine, le poids vif moyen des animaux du LE 45 (1416,61±101,22 g) etait significativement (p 0,05) entre les quatre autres lots. Les poids du coeur et du foie etaient significativement (p < 0,05) inferieurs dans les lots LT, LE 15 et LE 30 par rapport au lot LE 45. Le prix du kg des aliments a baisse au fur et a mesure que le taux de substitution augmentait. La difference de prix etait de 36,7 FCFA entre les lots LT et LE 45. Cependant, le lot LE 30 presentait le meilleur cout de production. En considerant les avantages economiques que presente la dreche artisanale sechee, il apparait en perspective necessaire de remplacer l’aliment de base qu’est le mais par ce sous-produit afin de reduire les couts de production et ameliorer la rentabilite des elevages de volailleMots cles : Taux d’incorporation, dreche, couts de production, lots experimentaux, poussins de souche Cobb 500.   English Title: Effect of partial substitution of maize in feed with dried artisanal dreche on the zoo technical performances of broilersThis study was carried out in order to assess the effects of the rate of dried artisanal dreche on the zoo technical performances of broilers. For this purpose, 192 non-sex cob 500 stock chicks were divided from the growth phase into 4 batches according to the rate substitution of maize by dried artisanal dreche for 42 days. A control batch (LT) fed on a ration containing maize as the main source of energy was compared to three experimental batches (LE 15, LE 30 and LE 45) fed on rations in which 15, 30 and 45% of maize were been replaced by the dried artisanal dreches. From a weight point of view, there was no significant (p > 0, 05) difference between the 4 batches. At the 6th week, the average live weight of LE 45 animals (1416, 61 g) was significantly (p 0, 05) difference between the four batches. The weights of the heart and the liver were significantly (p < 0, 05) lower in the LT, LE 15 and LE 30 batches than that of the LE 45 batch. The price per kg of food decreases as the substitution rate increases. The price difference was 36, 75 FCFA between batches LT and LE 45. However, batch LE 30 had the best production cost. Considering the economic advantages of dried artisanal dreche, it appears in perspective necessary to replace the basic food that is corn by this by-product in order to reduce production costs and improve the profitability of poultry farms.Keywords: Incorporation rate, dreche, production costs, experimental batches, Cobb 500 strain chicks.
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