Single Tracks as a Key Factor in Additive Manufacturing Technology—Analysis of Research Trends and Metal Deposition Behavior

In recent years, general studies on Selective Laser Melting (SLM)/Selective Laser Sintering (SLS)/direct metal deposition (DMD) technologies, as well as studies on detailed issues in this area, have been carried out. However, a research gap is observed in investigations into the features of single tracks in the above-mentioned technologies. On the basis of data published in 2016–2019, an approach was adopted for a preliminary quantitative analysis of the knowledge base and also trends observed in the development of new technologies. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of the data mining technique based on the Bayes algorithm for analyzing trends in processes of additive manufacturing and the practical application of the knowledge received using the Bayes algorithm. After the analyses referred to above were completed, single and double layers of a composite material based on the Ni-based alloy and Fe–Al bronze were analyzed under different processing conditions. The effects of laser spot speeds and pitches on microhardness, microstructure, and interlayers’ features were described. So, the innovative approach, namely, the combination of the analysis of the scientific database of the phenomenon under study and the subsequent experimental investigation of its features, is the scientific novelty of the present study.