Potential Anticancer Activities of Rhus coriaria (sumac) extract against human cancer cell lines.

Therapeutic strategies of plant origin are a better choice as both dietary plant products or its isolated active constituents against the development and progression of cancer. This study aims to evaluate the anticancer activity of sumac (Rhus coriaria) against different human cancer MCF-7, PC-3, and SKOV3cell lines. In addition, the study tries to explore a prospective mechanism of action, assessment of in vitro enzyme-inhibitory capacity of sumac extract against hCA I, II, IX and XII. In this study, the potential antitumor effects of sumac (Rhus coriaria) were explored in the human cancer cell lines; MCF-7, PC-3, and SKOV3 using in vitro assays. Apoptotic, cell survival, ELISA immunoassays were also conducted to reveal the inhibi-tory effects of sumac extract against hCA I, II, IX and XII. In addition, both Clioquinol and Acetazolamide were used as standards to explore the in vitro enzyme-inhibitory capacity of sumac extract against hCA I, II, IX, and XII. The hydro-alcoholic extract of Rhus coriaria (Sumac) subjected to phytochemical analysis using GC/MS assays. Sumac at non-cytotoxic doses of 50 µM, and 100 µM significantly modulate the growth of the MCF-7, PC-3, and SKOV3 cancer cell with a higher inhibitory effect and selectivity to carbonic anhydrase (CA) isoforms; hCA I, II, hCA IX, and XII. The data showed that sumac at doses of 50 µM, and 100 µM significantly inhibited the growth, proliferation, and viability of cancer cells by activating the apoptotic process via caspase‑3 overexpression and the regulation of Bcl-2 anti-apoptotic protein.