Catechins, neuroprotection, and brain mitochondria

Abstract Plant-derived polyphenols catechins (flavan-3-ols) are the main chemical constituents of green tea and cocoa beans. Furthermore, they are found in lesser amounts in many fruits, vegetables, and their products. In numerous studies, catechins have been demonstrated to scavenge free oxygen radicals, to enhance cellular antioxidant defense, and to suppress inflammation processes. Oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, insufficient neurotrophic factor support, and mitochondrial dysfunction have been implicated in cognitive decline and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. This chapter reviews the chemical properties of catechins, their role in inflammation, neuroprotection, and modulation of brain mitochondria.