The relationship between elevated serum xenin and insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a case-control study

AbstractThis study aims to determine whether serum xenin-25 levels are altered in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The study included 31 women diagnosed with PCOS according to the 2003 Rotterdam criteria and 30 healthy controls. The primary outcome was serum xenin-25 levels. Other variables evaluated were menstrual history, physical findings, Ferriman-Gallwey hirsutism score, blood pressure, transvaginal ultrasonography, fasting blood glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, C-reactive protein, follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol, total testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, and day-21 progesterone. Median (min–max) values of xenin-25 were 45.50 pg/mL (7.10–656.40) and 9.85 pg/mL (7.00–564.40) for cases and controls, respectively, demonstrating a significant difference (Z = 2.803, p = .007). The ROC curve for xenin-25 predicting the PCOS risk had an area under the curve of 0.747. The optimal cutoff value of xenin-25 f...