The Mediating Role of Radical Innovation in the Relationship Between Knowledge Management and Competitive Advantage in Sudanese Manufacturing Firms

Natural extracts from European Cornel fruits have been found to be a significant source of natural antioxidants with health benefits for human body. In the present work we focused on using these extracts for preparing new nanomaterials based on metallic nanoparticles, taking in consideration that these metals have been used for a long time as treatment in medical fields. We have developed a synthesis method which permits to obtain the noble metal nanoparticles having anthocyanins from natural extract as ligands. We have characterized them by UV-Vis spectroscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Equilibrium constants of reactions between gold/silver nanoparticles and organic molecules as ligands have been determined in two ways and have been found of 104 orders of magnitude, values that suggest a good association between them. Some new medical products (creams) based on gold/silver-natural extracts have been applied on skin lesions appeared due to the psoriatic illness. The creams prepared have been used on a lot of 31 human subjects with skin lesions and after two months of treatment, a good anti-inflammatory effect has been observed. The good medical results have been confirmed by statistical studies