Adaptive genetic network programming

Genetic Network Programming (GNP) is derived from Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Genetic Programming (GP), which applies evolution theory to evolve a population of directed graph to model complex systems. It has been shown that GNP can solve typical control problems, as well as many real-world problems. However, studying GNP is mainly focused on the specific aspect, while the fundamental characteristics that ensure the success of GNP are rarely investigated in the previous research. This paper reveals an important feature of GNP - reusability of nodes - to efficiently identify and formulate the building blocks of evolution. Accordingly, adaptive GNP is developed which self-adapts both crossover and mutation probabilities of each search variable to circumstances. The adaptation allows the automatic adjustment of evolution bias toward the frequently reused nodes in high-quality individuals. The adaptive GNP is compared with traditional GNP in a benchmark control testbed to evaluate its superiority.