Características clínicas e epidemiológicas de crianças acidentadas atendidas em um serviço de pronto-atendimento

Objetivo: Identificar os acidentes mais frequentes e suas caracteristicas entre criancas atendidas em um pronto-socorro. Metodos: Estudo observacional e descritivo com dados de prontuarios de criancas atendidas no Pronto-Atendimento do Centro de Saude Escola da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirao Preto-USP, entre 1/1/2009 e 30/9/2009. Analisou-se idade, sexo, tipo de acidente, local, dia e periodo do ocorrido, parte do corpo acometida, cuidados recebidos e se a crianca estava acompanhada no momento do acidente. Resultados: Foram atendidas 328 criancas, sendo 202 (61,5%) do sexo masculino e 126 (38,4%) do sexo feminino, com idades ate 2 anos (105/32%), 2 a 7 anos (116/35,3%) e 7 a 10 anos (107/32,6%). Dos acidentes, 51,2% aconteceram em casa e 32% na rua. Os principais acidentes foram quedas (48,4%) e choques fisicos (37,2%). As partes do corpo mais acometidas foram segmento cefalico (40%), membros superiores (31,4%) e membros inferiores (21,8%). Os acidentes ocorreram a tarde (36%), a noite (27,7%), aos domingos (24,6%) e aos sabados (14,6%). Dos acidentados, 46,6% receberam tratamento sintomatico e 34,4% realizaram exames radiologicos. No momento do acidente, 90,5% das criancas estavam acompanhadas e 5,5% dos acidentados foram encaminhados para atendimento especializado. Conclusoes: Embora os acidentes tenham sido de baixa gravidade, e necessario incorporar atitudes preventivas de modo a diminuir os riscos e proporcionar maior seguranca as criancas.(AU) Objective: To identify the most frequent accidents and their characteristics among children attending at an emergency care service. Methods: observational and descriptive study with medical records of children treated in emergency care of the Health Center School of Medicine Faculty of Ribeirao Preto of the Universidade de Sao Paulo, between January 1, 2009 and September 30, 2009. Were analyzed age, sex, type of accident, place, date and time of occurrence, body part affected, care received and whether the child was accompanied or not at the accident time. Results: Were treated 382 children: 202 (61.5%) were males and 126 (38.4%) females, with ages ≤ 2 years old (105/32%), from 2 to 7 years old (116/35,3%) and 7 to 10 years old (107/32,6%). A percentage of 51.2% of injuries occurred at home and 32% in the street. Major accidents were falls (48.4%) and physical shock (37.2%). The most affected parts of body were head segment (40%), upper limbs (31.4%) and lower limbs (21.8%). The accidents occurred at the afternoon (36%), at night (27.7%), on Sunday (24,6%) and Saturday (14.6%). A total of 46.6% of the victims received symptomatic treatment and 34.4% underwent radiological examinations. At the time of the accident, 90.5% of the children were accompanied and 5.5% were referred for specialized care. Conclusions: Although the accidents were of low gravity, it is necessary to incorporate preventive attitudes in order to reduce risks and provide greater safety to children.(AU)