A New Approach to Property Valuation Using Remote Sensing Data and Machine Learning in Kigali, Rwanda

This study trials a property valuation methodology for Rwanda's capital, Kigali by applying machine learning techniques to parcel transactions data from 2013 to 2015 and remote sensing data from 2009 and 2015 on building footprints. The building information (building footprint and building type) is derived from aerial images (2009) and a Pleiades scene (2015). Additionally, spatial parameters describing the spatial interrelations of properties within the city are derived from a multi-source dataset and include distance-based values (distance to CBD, schools, public transport, etc.), accessibility, location parameters (topographic position) and neighbourhood statistics (green area, urban structure type, density values, etc.). This approach can help to understand the key determinants of land and building values and be used to create a database with accurate estimates of property values for each parcel in Kigali. This database will be used to provide the local tax administration with an important tool for collecting property tax revenues as the main method of property valuation in Rwanda is through taxpayer self-assessments. In order to support the tax administration in determining the validity of these self-assessments, the estimates from this database can be used to trigger certified counter-valuations if necessary with the aim of raising domestic tax revenues. Therefore, this study highlights how remote sensing methodologies can be effectively used to complement traditional valuation techniques through an application in Rwanda.