Tamarix aphylla (L.) Karst. Phytochemical and Bioactive Profile Compilations of Less Discussed but Effective Naturally Growing Saudi Plant

The plants are known as a natural and cost-effective remedy for the various ailments with less or no side effects. Saudi flora comprises different categories of the plants as per the different geographical locations. Therapeutic efficacies of these medicinal plants are the attribute of the phytoconstituents present in them. The concentration of these active constituents is also influenced by the change in the climatic conditions. One of the halophyte plants Tamarix aphylla L. in this concern was observed to have the promising constituents to be considered as a remedy. The plant has its traditional importance (for fever, skin diseases, wound healing, swellings, diuretics, etc.) in many provinces in Saudi Arabia (i.e., Al-Qassim, Al-Baha, Asir, and Jizan) but the scientific validations are yet to be established because of the previous negligence. Recently some bioactivities were carried out to vindicate the traditional claims to establish the scientific protocols. Hypolipidemic and antidiabetic activities were found in various fractions of the extracts. As a major component, tannins are present in considerable amounts. The presence of alkaloids is reported in some studies. The chapter is a first move in the direction to compile the phytochemical and pharmacological potential of the less discussed but easily available naturally growing T. aphylla plant in Saudi Arabia. The compilation is influenced by the traditional importance in Saudi Arabia and the potential explored by Morad Hebi et al.