Leutusome: A Biomimetic Nanoplatform Integrating Plasma Membrane Components of Leukocytes and Tumor Cells for Remarkably Enhanced Solid Tumor Homing

Cell membrane-camouflaged nanoparticles have appeared as a promising platform to develop active tumor targeting nanomedicines. To evade the immune surveillance, we designed a composite cell membrane-camouflaged biomimetic nanoplatform, namely, leutusome, which is made of liposomal nanoparticles incorporating plasma membrane components derived from both leukocytes (murine J774A.1 cells) and tumor cells (head and neck tumor cells HN12). Exogenous phospholipids were used as building blocks to fuse with two cell membranes to form liposomal nanoparticles. Liposomal nanoparticles made of exogenous phospholipids only or in combination with one type of cell membrane were fabricated and compared. The anticancer drug paclitaxel (PTX) was used to make drug-encapsulating liposomal nanoparticles. Leutusome resembling characteristic plasma membrane components of the two cell membranes were examined and confirmed in vitro. A xenograft mouse model of head and neck cancer was used to profile the blood clearance kinetics, ...