Pulse Wave Velocity Is Associated With Greater Risk of Dementia in Mild Cognitive Impairment Patients

To investigate the association between pulse wave velocity, intima-media thickness, carotid artery diameter, carotid plaques, and conversion from mild cognitive impairment to dementia. Three hundred and seventy-five elderly ambulatory subjects with mild cognitive impairment were followed yearly to examine potential conversion to dementia. Vascular function was assessed by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity. Vascular structure was evaluated by intima-media thickness, carotid artery diameter, and carotid plaques using an ultrasonographic assessment of carotid arteries. One hundred and five patients (28%) converted to dementia during a mean follow-up period of 4.5 years. Higher pulse wave velocity was associated with greater risk of conversion to dementia (1-SD increase of pulse wave velocity: hazard ratio, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.04–1.71; P=0.02) independently of age, sex, educational level, systolic blood pressure, cardiovascular diseases, body mass index, calcium channel blockers intake, Mini–Mental State Examin...