The screening of extracts from Goniothalamus scortechinii, Aralidium pinnatifidum and Andrographis paniculata for anti-malarial activity using the lactate dehydrogenase assay

Abstract Goniothalamus scortechinii , Andrographis paniculata and Aralidium pinnatifidum were selected for the study based on their ethnomedicinal values. They were screened for anti-malarial activity towards Plasmodium falciparum in vitro using the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay. The crude extract of G. scortechinii exhibited the most potent schizonticidal activity compared to the other extracts. It is effective against both the chloroquine resistant isolate, Gombak A and the sensitive strain, D10 of Plasmodium falciparum . Furthermore a better IC 50 value was obtained against the resistant strain, (9 μg/ml) compared to the sensitive strain, 40 μg/ml. When the crude extract was fractionated into 3 fractions, the chloroform fraction yielded the best activity, exhibiting equipotency against both strains of parasite used; IC 50 of 23.53 μg/ml against Gombak A and 21.06 μg/ml against D10.