De milieu-effecten van de Integrale Aanpak Mestproblematiek (IAM)

This report presents estimated levels of emissions over the period 1997 - 2030 from Dutch agriculture responding to the latest policy proposals to abate the manure problem. These emission estimates were used as input for calculation of environmental quality developments. The results were reported in the fifth National Environmental Outlook 2000-2030, which was published in 2000 and served as the scientific basis for the fourth National Environmental Policy Plan, developed by the Dutch government and published in June 2001. This report describes the method used to estimate farmers' response to the policy proposals, the subsequent impact on animal numbers, manure production, manure application and regional distribution and resulting emissions to soil (of nitrogen and phosphate) and air (of ammonia). Starting in 2002 farmers may only raise animals when they can guarantee the disposal of the expected manure production within the boundaries set by the EU nitrate direc-tive. This can either be done by having sufficient land at one's disposal or by fixing manure disposal contracts with other land owners. The second corner-stone of the manure policy is a set of national emission standards for nitrogen and phosphate, accompanied by levies. Emissions (or losses) are established per farm on a per hectare basis using a bookkeeping system, accounting for all commercial input (except phosphate chemical fertilizers) and output of nutrients.