Exploring Plant-Mediated Copper, Iron, Titanium, and Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Impacts

Abstract Nanotechnology is a rapidly emerging branch utilizing nanosized molecules and attracting every possible corner of research adopted for the betterment of humankind. Plant-mediated nanoparticles are chosen over conventionally synthesized nanomaterials because of their ecofriendly nature, economic value, reduced toxicity, and rapid and easy handling. Plant-based metabolites possess diverse therapeutic applications and have the ability to reduce metal ions to produce nanosized particles via the green synthetic approach. The combining of the attributes from metal ions and plant metabolites has a huge capacity to synthesize a potential bioactive molecule. Among different metallic nanoparticles, plant-fabricated nanoparticles have unique physiochemical properties and thus have great potential for the development of a new array of herbicides, pesticides, target genes, antimicrobials, and a wide range of antipathogenic molecules. The elucidation of synthesis, characterization, and applications of plant-mediated nanoparticles is an alternative approach toward medico aid by generating novel and potential drug molecules. Furthermore, this technique is very simple, environmentally clean, and has demonstrated well the synergistic effect of metal and plant metabolites.