The application of pulsed thermography in the inspection of wind turbine blades
2011
Wind power is a very promising source of environmentally safe, renewable, and the fast-growing
energy source over the past several years. The blades of a wind turbine are considered to be an
important component in wind turbine generator. Currently, bigger and more powerful wind blades are
being built to increase the swept area of the turbine and extract more energy from the wind.
Correspondingly, more capital cost is invested in manufacture and service. In order to reduce damage
possibility and extend the wind turbine blades life, there are increasing demands for the inspection of
wind turbine blades in the manufacturing factory and on site inspection. The regular inspections of
wind turbine blades are done normally by using visual inspection and tapping test. To improve the
safety of wind turbine blades, nondestructive testing technique using pulsed thermography is being
investigated in this study. This technique utilized an active pulsed heating source that is applied on the
outer surface of wind turbine blades, and an infrared camera to monitor the surface temperature
distribution controlled by a computer. Reflective pulsed thermography was directly applied on several
full scale wind blades, surface and subsurface defects, such as air bubbles, pin holes, edge bonding, etc.
were clearly detected. Several specimens were intentionally manufactured to simulate the glue faults
between supporting spars and glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) shells with different thickness.
Afterwards they were inspected by using pulsed thermography in laboratory. The current test results
indicated that pulsed thermography has the potential for the detection of glue faults at least about
15mm thickness GFRP shell. It is shown that pulsed thermography maybe provide a powerful
non-contacting technique for the inspection of wind turbine blades as well in the workshop just after
the production or in the field that before and after installation of the wind blades and during reparation.
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