以J. Baird Callicott的生態永續進路論國土保育問題

This article mainly based on ecological sustainability concept, to review our land conservation policy from earlier in 1979 to recently years. This article based on Aldo Leopold''s land ethic, and J. Baird Callicott’s argument of ecological sustainability, trying to proposed a specific possibilities indicator to make harmonious development between mankind and nature, conservation and economic development. Firstly, this article comes from the land conservation policy in critical perspective of environmental ethics; its evolution can analysis summarized four stages. One is that haven’t any specific systematic plan stage before 1976. The second, from 1979 to 1996, the "sustainable development of economic orientation" stage, target of economic growth. The third, from 1996 to 2009, the "sustainable development of the quality of life orientation" stage, target of value the quality of life all around. Finally, the "sustainable development of eco-orientation" stage, value ecology, rational allocation of land resources, ensures sustainable and proper development of land. And propose the possibility difficulties in future sustainable development of land conservation, and raise a direction of development in the angle of environmental ethics. Secondly, this article argument the base of holism of Callicott''s ecological sustainability, on the premise of respect, the land ethics extend the moral scope to every member of the ecological system. Then, Callicott proposed the ecological integrity and ecological sustainability, and in ecosystem health concept, raise environmental sustainability as a premise in the modern, specific developed ecosystem health indicators, for the future as a national land planning conservation policy that depend on the concept of environmental ethics. Finally, this article also try to explain how to construct a positive and sustainable national land conservation policy in ecological sustainability as the foundation, in order to improve serious land crisis situation in recent years, let the people live in harmony with the land.