Performance analysis of optical backhauled cooperative NOMA visible light communication

Optical wireless networks, particularly free-space optical (FSO) in outdoor environments and visible light communication (VLC) in indoor environments, suffer from severe deterioration in signal quality due to various factors such as the availability of line-of-sight link, the turbulence of the atmosphere, or pointing errors. To enable high-quality service point-to-point transmission through optical wireless communication, an efficient and reliable backhaul link is essential. Towards this objective, this paper proposes a novel optical backhauled non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) in VLC systems. Unlike earlier works, our model considers the effects of various transmission parameters in a mixed cooperative FSO/radio over a fiber backhaul link with NOMA-VLC to serve two users. The closed-form expressions of outage probability, sum throughput, ergodic sum capacity, and average bit error rate are delivered for a variety of channel conditions using Meijers G and Gaussian hypergeometric functions. More specifically, both the theoretical and simulation results demonstrate that the performance gain of the proposed optical-based NOMA systems can improve the performance of the users in comparison with the conventional OMA systems at medium to high SNR ranges. Furthermore, a deep learning-based framework is proposed to accurately estimate the ergodic capacity of the proposed system and significantly reduce the complexity cost of the theoretical analysis.