Surgical treatment of peri‐implantitis: Prognostic indicators of short‐term results

Aim To evaluate the clinical and radiographic short-term (6 months) effect of surgical treatment of peri-implantitis, and to identify prognostic indicators affecting the outcome using a multilevel statistical model. Material & Methods A total of 143 implants (45 patients) with a diagnosis of progressive peri-implantitis (progressive bone loss ≥2.0mm and BoP/suppuration) received surgical treatment. Clinical and radiographic parameters were assessed 6 months post-operatively. Potential prognostic indicators on subject-, implant- and site level prior to surgery were analyzed to evaluate the effect on individual and composite outcomes using multilevel logistic regression analysis. Results At the 6-month evaluation none of the implants demonstrated progressive bone loss and 14% of the implants were registered with absence of bleeding and no pocket probing depth ≥6mm. Multilevel regression analysis identified, among others, suppuration, pocket probing depth >8mm, bone loss >7mm and presence of plaque as criteria associated with the outcome. Conclusion Resective peri-implantitis surgery seemed to reduce the amount of peri-implant inflammation. However, most of the sites continued to have bleeding on probing/suppuration. Thus, long-term maintenance and evaluation is warranted. The effect of treatment was reduced by some prognostic indicators such as presence of suppuration prior to interception and peri-implant bone loss exceeding 7mm. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.