Ассимиляция микроорганизмами углеводородных субстратов и влияние ПАВ на биодеструкцию нефти в различных почвах

The substrate specificity and assimilating activity of oil-oxidizing microorganisms from the collection of VolSTU (Pseudomonas sp. TU10, Bacillus sp. TU22 and Rhodococcus sp.), as related to crude oil, diesel fuel and motor oil, have been studied. It has been established that the tested microorganisms possess weak assimilating activity as to diesel fuel, but in a short time they showed high activity to crude oil and motor oil. The least activity to diesel fuel was manifested by pseudomonades, higher rates were observed in Bacillus, the Rhodococcus occupied an intermediate position. All the strains effectively assimilated engine oil. The adding of surfactants into the synthetic hydrocarbon medium led to an increase of the bacterial mass concentration. Effective detergents for the Bacillus sp. TU22, Pseudomonas sp.TU10 and Rhodococcus sp. were sodium dodecylsulfate, twin-80 and Triton X-100 in 0.05, 0.4 and 0.2% concentrations, respectively. The adding of surfactants to the soil had positive effect on oil degradation by all the microorganisms under study.