Genetic Diversity of Involved Varieties and Improvement of Elite Restorer of Indica Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) Using Backcross Introgression

To make reference to cross combinations and improvement of parents, the genetic diversity and relationship among 55 rice germplasms were analyzed with a total of 53 SSR markers. In the present study, 267 allelic variations were detected, and the average allelic variation of 53 loci was 5.04, ranging from 4 to 7. The average polymorphism index content (PIC) of SSR markers was 0.624, ranging from 0.287 to 0.786. All germplasms could be divided into indica and japonica rices, the genetic similarity between them varied from 0.588 to 0.996. The similarity coefficient between Minghui 86 and 53 donors was from 0.655 to 0.850. The similarity coefficient between Shuhui 527 and the donors was from 0.640 to 0.873. The results indicated that the detection of SSR polymorphisms was not only one of the most efficient and accurate measures to study the genetic differences among rice varieties but also was helpful for the discovery and utilization of favorable genes in advanced-backcross introgression populations.