Efficacy and Safety Curcuma zadoaria L. to inactivate the hydatid cyst protoscoleces.

: Now, surgery is considered as the most reliable method for hydatid cyst treatment. Present protoscolicidal substances used in operating and percutaneous methods have restrictions because of the severe adverse effects for example biliary tract fibrosis, and liver necrosis. Thus, the present work aimed to evaluate the chemical composition of Curcuma zadoaria essential oil and investigate its efficacy and safety against hydatid cyst protoscoleces. Collected protoscoleces from liver fertile hydatid cysts of infected sheep were exposed to different concentrations of the essential oil (35-280 µl/mL) for 5-30 min in vitro and ex vivo. Then by using the eosin (0.1% eosin staining) exclusion assay the viability of protoscoleces was studied. In next step, 24 male NMRI mice were applied to assess the toxicity of C. zadoaria essential oil by measuring biochemical and hematological parameters. Based on the obtained results, C. zadoaria essential oil had a powerful protoscolicidal activity in vitro so that at the 300 and 150 µg/ml entirely eliminates the parasite after 5 and 10 minutes; whereas at lower doses demonstrated weak protoscolicidal activity. In ex vivo assay, no similar effect with in vitro was observed, so that requiring a more time to show a potent protoscolicidal activity. C. zadoaria essential oil at the concentrations of 300 and 150 µl/mL after exposure time of 7 and 12 min, killed 100% of protoscoleces within the hydatid cyst, respectively. The obtained results also showed that after intra-peritoneal injection of the C. zadoaria essential oil for 2 weeks, no significant difference (p > 0.05) was observed in the clinical chemistry and hematologic parameters at the doses 0.15, 0.3, 0.6 mL/kg. The obtained results in vitro and ex vivo exhibited that C. zadoaria essential oil had the favorable protoscolicidal activity on hydatid cyst protoscoleces. Obviously, following supplementary experiments; it could be considered as an alternative protoscolicidal agent to minimize the risk of relapse, anaphylactic responses, and secondary CE during hydatid cyst surgery. However, more and supplementary works are required to verify these findings through assessing in clinical subjects.